Monday, January 28, 2008

22 Plural Nouns (nombres plurales)

A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. A singular noun names one and a plural noun names more than one. (Un sustantivo es una palabra que designa una persona, un lugar, una cosa, o una idea. Un sustantivo singular llama un y un sustantivo plural llama más de uno.)

To make a noun plural, add ‘s’ to the end of the word. (Para hacer un sustantivo plural, agrega la letra ‘s’ al final de la palabra.) For example, (Por ejemplo,)
tree -> trees gym -> gyms book -> books

exceptions (excepciónes):
1 When the singular noun ends with –ch, -s, -sh, -x, -z add ‘es’ to the end of the word to make it plural. (Cuando el sustantivo singular termina con –ch, -s, -sh, -x, -z agrega ‘es’ al final de la palabra para hacer un sustantivo.) For example, (Por ejemplo,)
beach -> beaches boss -> bosses church -> churches

2 When the singular noun ends with –f, -fe remove –f or –fe and add ‘ves’ to the end of the word to make it plural. (Cuando el sustantivo singular termina en –f, -fe quita –f o –fe y agrega ‘ves’ al final de la palabra para hacerlo plural.) For example, (Por ejemplo,)
wife -> wives knife -> knives leaf -> leaves

3 When the singular noun ends with a consonant + ‘y’ remove –y and add ‘ies’ to the end of the word to make it plural. (Cuando el sustantivo singular termina en una consonante + ‘y’, quita –y y agrega ‘ies’ al final de la palabra para hacerlo plural.) For example, (Por ejemplo,)
party -> parties country -> countries butterfly -> butterflies

4 When the singular noun ends with ‘us’ remove –us and add ‘i’ to the end of the word to make it plural. (Cuando el sustantivo singular termina en ‘us’, quita –us y agrega ‘i’ al final de la palabra para hacerlo plural.) For example, (Por ejemplo,)
octopus -> octopi

5 Some nouns are irregular in plural form: (Algunos sustantivos son irregulares en la forma plural:)
man -> men woman -> women child -> children
person -> people mouse -> mice tooth -> teeth

6 Some nouns are the same in singular and plural form: (Algunos sustantivos son el mismo en la forma singular y plural:)
deer -> deer sheep -> sheep fish -> fish


Write the plural form of each singular word: (Escriba la palabra plural de cada palabra singular:)
(1) monkey
(2) dish
(3) city
(4) ball
(5) bed
(6) class
(7) octopus
(8) secretary
(9) turkey
(10) donkey
(11) person
(12) watch
(13) whale
(14) deer
(15) movie
(16) knife
(17) letter
(18) gym
(19) grocery store
(20) fish
(21) mouse
(22) foot

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